Uygar,

Reworked microfossils  can also be identified  by the mixing of older  and younger stratigraphic forms in the same sediment.  Since the older microfossils would have been present when  the younger would not have evolved, it becomes clear that the time of the mixing was that of  younger microfossil. The younger would not have been there when the older fossil existed, in the older deposit. Thus it is the older fossil that will be reworked and mixed  with a younger microfossil...at a later time. This is not exclusive to forams. The same is obtainable in palynology. This distinction is possible where there is age difference.

Regards.

Obianuju P. Umeji

Dear Uygar,

The reworked and the in situ forams may have thrived in different depositional conditions and encountered different diagenetic histories. Accordingly, the in situ and the reworked forams will have different test infillings - a feature that can be observed in thin section of rocks. Hope, it helps.

Best wishes,

Siddhartha

First way 1-To differentiates  betwen two different ages formaninfera is the systematic clasifications of hem using the scientfic classifications  .

SECOND WAY 2USING MORPHOLGICAL SHSPES RATIO , BASED ON TE NUMBER OF BROKEN , damaged  foramniniferal form to non broken ( or damaged} ratio 

ACORDONGY THE MORE BROKEN ONE WILL B CONSIDERD AS OUT FLUX

GOOD LUCK

Thank you very much for the all answers and contributions. Helped a lot! 

Best Regards,

Uygar

Reworked foraminifera can be identified in thin section a number of ways.

- Look at the fossil assemblage as whole, get an idea of the stratigraphic age and preservation state of the majority of specimens. In many (but not all) cases in situ foraminifera will be more abundant than reworked ones

- If the general assemblage is indicating a particular age and there are other fossils present that indicate an older age, these are likely to be reworked

- Does the assemblage indicate a particular depositional environment? If you have a few obvious deep-water taxa mixed in with shallow-water taxa these may be reworked (be aware that the reverse scenario may also indicate sediment transport in a basinward direction)

- Reworked fossils are likely to be highly abraded, broken, recrystallised and/or neomorphosed in comparison to in situ specimens. Look and see if any of the foraminifera are preserved in a different way to the rest of the assemblage

- Look at former intraparticle porosity within foraminiferal chambers, does this contain a different matrix/cement type to the surrounding assemblage? If so, these may be reworked

- Look to see if any fossils are preserved within intra/lithoclasts comprising matrix with a different character to the general groundmass. These intra/lithoclasts may represent reworked material that has been ripped up from underlying strata (see image above of intraclasts containing benthic foraminifera incorporated into younger sediments)

Brilliant! Thanks for the valuable explanation! Appreciate that