How do divergence and convergence each affect wind speed and in which part of the Earth where warm air converges to cold air that causes circulation?
Divergence and convergence are concepts related to atmospheric circulation patterns and play a crucial role in determining wind speed and direction. They are linked to the movement of air masses in the Earth's atmosphere.
In terms of the Earth's atmospheric circulation, one prominent example of convergence and divergence occurs along the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), also known as the "doldrums." This is a low-pressure area near the equator where trade winds from both hemispheres converge. Warm, moist air rises in this region, leading to the formation of clouds and heavy rainfall. As the air rises, it moves poleward and eventually descends around 30 degrees latitude in a region of high pressure known as the subtropical high-pressure belt.
So, in summary, divergence leads to areas of low pressure with faster wind speeds, while convergence leads to areas of high pressure with slower wind speeds. Along the ITCZ, warm air converges, rises, and leads to the circulation patterns that contribute to the global atmospheric circulation system.
Divergence occurs when horizontal winds cause a net outflow of air from a region (more air leaving a vertical column of air than entering), while convergence occurs when horizontal winds cause a net inflow of air into a region. Speed divergence is cause by winds rapidly increasing speed downstream on the pressure surface. High wind speeds will pull mass out of an area faster than it can be replaced by the slower wind speeds, thus decreasing the mass. Speed Convergence is caused by winds rapidly decreasing speed downstream.Speed divergence is cause by winds rapidly increasing speed downstream on the pressure surface. High wind speeds will pull mass out of an area faster than it can be replaced by the slower wind speeds, thus decreasing the mass. Speed Convergence is caused by winds rapidly decreasing speed downstream. The terms are usually used to refer specifically to the horizontal inflow or outflow of air. The convergence of horizontal winds causes air to rise, whereas the divergence of horizontal winds causes downward motion of the air. Speed Convergence is caused by winds rapidly decreasing speed downstream. The higher wind speeds push mass into an area faster than it can be removed by the slower wind speeds, thus increasing the mass. Wind direction and speed will offset each other on constant pressure charts.Divergence generally means two things are moving apart while convergence implies that two forces are moving together. In the world of economics, finance, and trading, divergence and convergence are terms used to describe the directional relationship of two trends, prices, or indicators. The warm air that has travelled up from the equator converges with the cold air at 60° of latitude that has travelled down from the polar regions. As the air converges the warm air is forced to rise and move back towards the equator. The overall effect of the Polar cell is to move cold air towards the equator. Convection currents are the result of differential heating. Lighter (less dense), warm material rises while heavier (more dense) cool material sinks. It is this movement that creates circulation patterns known as convection currents in the atmosphere, in water, and in the mantle of Earth. Convection works when a liquid or gas is unevenly heated. Hot liquids (and gases) are less dense and rise, causing. The warmer section of the material will rise while the cooler part sinks. This creates a current of warmer material going up and a current of cooler material going down. When air moving along the surface of the Earth is confronted by a mountain, it is forced up and over the mountain, cooling as it rises. If the air cools to its saturation point, the water vapor condenses and a cloud forms.
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