How do different cropping systems (e.g., maize-sunflower, wheat-sunflower, chickpea-sunflower) influence the productivity, resource-use efficiency, and sustainability of spring sunflower cultivation?
Maize-sunflower generally offers higher productivity and RUE, while all systems contribute to sustainability through improved soil health and resource use efficiency.
Different cropping systems significantly influence sunflower performance regarding productivity, radiation use efficiency (RUE), and sustainability. Among them, maize-sunflower systems enhance RUE and overall biomass due to complementary light and nutrient use, but may compete for water and nitrogen. Wheat-sunflower rotations offer moderate productivity with better soil structure and weed suppression, supporting sustainability. Chickpea-sunflower systems excel in sustainability by improving soil nitrogen through biological fixation, boosting sunflower yield under low-input conditions. Legume-based systems like chickpea-sunflower strike the best balance between yield, resource efficiency, and long-term soil health.
Different cropping systems such as maize-sunflower, wheat-sunflower, and chickpea-sunflower influence productivity, resource-use efficiency (RUE), and sustainability by varying in nutrient uptake patterns, water-use dynamics, and residue contributions, with diversified rotations generally improving system resilience and long-term soil health.
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