I used questionnaire as the measuring instrument, the organization believes they have implemented Lean some years ago, I only used the questionnaire to test their knowledge and understanding of Lean philosophy.
Yes, it is meant to determine if the workers or organization making progress in their Lean journey. and if not the can improve more , but currently a PhD students is working on improvement of Lean philosophy in that same organization. in order to advance on my own work.
A framework can further be developed to facilitate the lean journey or improvement in the company or organization. It is very good to measure the lean journey or perception or knowledge of the current lean implementation using questionnaire, interview or focus group kind of research methodology. In my own case, I walked through the organization to see what they have on ground, they showed me some cardboard on wall with description of their daily work and etc. But that is not enough evidence that the are practicing lean or that their Lean is well implemented.
Well coming from an engineering background, where there is a measuring device for voltage, current, and ..., so this new field for measurement is challenging to wrap my head around. However for lean one must have a base to work from, call it a snap shot of the status is. Then your framework idea is great read up in your paper. But it is important to set realistic obtainable and measurable goals. In that I think lies the key to succeed in creating a lean system or organisation. Learning to ask the correct questions that cut to the bottom of what needs to be achieved.