At this time there are two ways to address this issue and they are not mutually exclusive.
The first one is to use 3D printing; having standardized parts in CAD/CAM files that can be customized in a very short period of time and then sent to the printer. I use exclusively Autodesk products to create and modify parts, although the large amount of series they have can intimidating at first they each have their owns set or advantages and drawbacks. 3D printing is cost-effective in small scale which makes it an appropriate tool to address this issue. The second way is to create modular prostheses; where one can interchange sockets, grasping tools and easily recalibrate the activating mechanism for the new size.
It is also important to note that 3D printing is a vast set of technologies and although PLA or ABS (the most common materials to 3D print) may be "crude materials" compared to the ones used in high end prosthetics you can pretty much print anything. It is also much more useful to keep the files in the native format .igs,.max... vs saving them as .stl as these become harder to modify due to they way the vertices are configured.
For example on the link to the video below there is modification on a Raptor hand. the design changes took less then 15 minutes and then it was threaded differently that initially intended to
Article Current Trends in 3D Printing, Bioprosthetics, and Tissue En...
yes, it just showcasing the concept that modifications can be done quickly. I will soon post a video of an above elbow amputee for which we made a 3D printed arm.