Are the frequency of the selected words or lexical complexity appropriate criteria for assessing the vocabulary knowledge of writers?

To what extent can we truly assess the depth of the writers'' vocabulary knowledge based on their written product?

Let's suppose that you ask a research participant to translate a word from his/her L1 into English. The L1 word is placed in an English sentence. The two participants translate the word into English and both of them are appropriate in the provided context. One of them took more time to answer, and preferred to select less frequent word while the other one choose the most frequent vocabulary. Which one should be scored higher?

Thanks in advance for your response

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