The diagram suggests that there is a contradiction within the second law of thermodynamics and Carnot's efficiency theory. According to the second law, Carnot efficiency is independent of the thermophysical properties of the working fluid. However, it is argued that when the thermophysical properties meet certain conditions, the Carnot efficiency is indeed related to these properties, creating a contradiction before and after these conditions are met. This discussion aims to explore the explanations behind this alleged contradiction and to examine the scientific literature and expert opinions that either support or refute this claim.
1) You did not attach a diagram.
2) This question is an exact copy of an already multiply reposted question by Bo Miao which has been answered by multiple people already:
The Carnot efficiency η=1-TA/TB is only valid for an ideal gas, it is not independent of the fluid and constitutes a maximum. If you use a real fluid, the efficiency will always be lower. If you find a fluid which experimentally shows a higher efficiency, then (and only then) you would have a contradiction to the second law of thermodynamics.
No, that's the whole error in your argumentation which people have been trying to tell you over and over. That's only true for an ideal gas. You can integrate the energy balance for any non-ideal gas equation of state the same way one does for the ideal one and you will get a different (lower) efficiency.
If you truly have a textbook that claims η=1-TA/TB for a non-ideal gas, the textbook is shit.
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