TEA has a relatively high vapor pressure, as the boiling point is only at 89°C. So my first idea would be to use a vacuum oven at let's say 60 or 80°C. That should do the job.

Please be careful, as TEA is both F and C, i.e. flammable and corrosive. If you only have tiny residues you will be mostly safe I assume.

Hello dear. TEA is soluble in water, so you can use water. Furthermore, TEA can form complex with cations ( Ca, Zn or Mg) you also can use it to the extraction of TEA. Best regards

I would suggest to dissolve the polymer in toluene and wash by shaking in a separating funnel with diluted HCl.

The good news is that the polymer you made is doing its job, it is binding TEA strongly which you may not be able to remove completely. Washing the polymer with a strong acid such HCl is a good approach. However, instead of acetone I would use a mix of acetone/water to keep the TEA-Cl salt in solution. You can also try other more polar solvents like DMF, IPA or ethanol to keep the TEA-Cl salt in solution. You may need to do repeated washing to remove all the TEA. You can measure residual TEA or TEA-Cl by Gas Chromatography, FTIR, etc. There are plenty of methods in internet, choose the one that suits your equipment.