1. To ensure timely and accurate reporting of critical results : Delayed critical reports can be fatal to the patient. Therefore, TAT should be regularly monitored. Any TAT failures should be investigated to find causes and steps should be taken to eliminate them.

2. To minimize manual transcription errors: Use bidirectional interface, do software validation, double check on manual entries and before releasing the report, there should be two level authentication of results (technician level and pathologist level).

3. To minimize communication errors: No verbal reporting should be allowed. Reports should be given physically, on email or on WhatsApp only.

4. To integrate LIS (Laboratory Information Systems) with EMR for safer result delivery: Software validation and adequate training of the staff should be done on monthly basis. Anti-virus, anti-malware and and firewalls should be checked and updated regularly. Back up of data should be taken at the end of each day in a CD or pen drive (not on another server) and stored offsite to prevent any loss or tampering. Work authorizations should be clearly defined and followed by secure logins (username and passwords).

I am also gathering similar information about reporting critical and clinically significant results and reviewing publications. I am concerned that both 'significant results' AND results associated with life-threatening states (Critical results) are handled in the same manner, and this diminishes the value of a critical alert by the lab to clinical staff. I think that clinical staff could be made aware of clinically significant results without treating them as "Critical results'.

Thank-you for raising this question. I look forward to seeing others reply.

From the laboratory view, the most effective tools to improve post-analytical reporting are implemented in the pre analytical phase thru the LIS. As Vishwa stated above use the LIS as much as possible. The key is to have the LIS setup to handle these situations in an automated way, minimizing human intervention. My LIS recognizes, flags, critical values and requires a call before results can be reported. Keeping patient information updated will also insure reports go to the correct location and staff. Well defined responsibilities are crucial. Who can call, who can receive the results and how they are handled on the nursing side all greatly improves efficiency.