In many of the references, it's always shown that ground load will be applied before the bored tunnel even below the axis level. I wonder if we need to have it if we have apply soil springs all around a bedded beam spring model.
@Alireza Rashiddel No. The physical earth is not simulated (continuum). It's a bedded beam spring model.
Mr.Lee,
First of all bedded beam spring model is not the best option to simulate pure soil structure interaction problem like tunnel. In this model, the soil continuum can not be simulated instead the soil is treated as spring element with number of springs supports the load. I suggest you to use standard software like PLAXIS, FLAC or ABAQUS to simulate actual soil continuum and its response due to tunneling. ok all the best in your work.
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