There is no prophylactic anti-viral therapy for these conditions. One would have to make a guided clinical diagnosis of say viral meningitis/encephalitis and may start empirical anti-viral therapy as one awaits virology confirmation from various specimens. However, virology studies are very expensive; so in Low income areas there is a tendency to rely very heavily on clinical acumen, and negative bacteriology, & and absence of fungal infections hence the commencement of empirical antiviral therapy. The clinical decisions must be made fast to avoid morbidity and mortality of possible viral infections.