Temperature gradient in well is sometimes estimated by either a temperature survey or running wireline formation tools. Meanwhile, well is generally full of a fluid whereby fluid movement is governed by either force convection in the flowing condition or free convection in the shut-in condition. Both mechanisms influence on the estimated temperature gradient for some extends. Since estimating reservoir temperature at datum depth needs a temperature gradient (or geothermal gradient), I seek any advice that can shed a light on the most reliable method for estimating the temperature gradient.