Food and academic performance are related. A child cannot learn if he/she is hungry. This observation uses Maslow's hierarchy of needs as its basis. The bottom of the triangle represents physiologic needs-food, water, shelter. Only when these are met can anyone move on to safety issues...and then food again is involved. The student needs to feel secure in his/her resources. If he/she goes to bed hungry, then the student is unable to progress to the safety rung of the pyramid. The student cannot feel secure in when their next meal will occur and of all the social ills in the world, hunger should not be one of them.
Let's supposed that hunger is not the issue; simply what the student is consuming also matters. Processed foods lead to spikes and crashes in blood sugar levels. So, if student A had a bowl of Fruit Loops and student B had scrambled eggs and wheat toast, student B is going to do better just by not experiencing the rises and dips in blood sugar.
It is a fact that poorly nourished children have decreased levels of activity, social interaction, curiosity and cognitive function (Sparkboxtoys.com, 2012).
Many students don't get a proper nutrition in their homes, so it is very important to make sure students learn about nutrition habits, and the promises of the good health provided, by eating the right foods.
In my opinion, It is difficult to prove this relationship scientifically. The problem is that good students are focused more in their study performance. Healthy food is difficult to find and when found, is expensive, while junk food is everywhere and cheap.
As you have probably already found, the provision of breakfast appears to be particularly important. One useful review is Grantham-McGregor S. Food & Nutrition Bulletin. 26(2 Suppl 2):S144-58, 2005 Jun. It is very difficult to do properly controlled studies on this topic, as so many socioeconomic factors come into play.
Food is essential to academic performance because it provides the energy necessary for cognition.Improving children’s diet quality by increasing their
consumption of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and reducing their intake of
saturated fats and extra-calorie foods will provide more adequate energy and nutrients for the brain, though further research is needed to determine the extent of the relationship between healthy food and increased academic performance.Christian Perspectives in Education, Vol. 5, Iss. 1 [2012], Art. 1.
I absolutely do because the nutrients are needed in order to become neurons and enzymes and to stimulate the rest of the brain, cortex and central nervous system and body. (I hope that I got this right.) The thing that worries me about food today is the quality. I mean, look at all the preservatives, pesticides and hormones that is in food today; not to mention toxic environmental, air, soil, and water conditions due to industrial, medical, nuclear, and wastes in general.( These are just a few categories) I actually have to stop and read the nutritional facts and ingredient labels as well as inquire where the fruits, vegetables and meat came from. Some of these chemicals interfere severely with the synapse and the overall healthy body absorption. Some of these chemicals stimulate the body "Not" to absorb the necessary vitamins, minerals and nutrients that are essential to brain health and overall well being. It is like we as a society are being poisoned. I also think that all of the information that I have listed in this post may have something to do with an increase in obesity and how it has evolved into a world wide epidemic, not to mention many other types of diseases that are on the rise and do not forget birth defects. These are just my convictions.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Need puts biological wellness as a necessary prerequisite for learning at all levels. The U.S. provides free breakfast and lunch to school-aged children because of this correlation. I think TEACHERS need to understand this relationship in their preservice training to insure they are not sabotaging their own classroom teaching success. When I taught in middle school, some students came to school hungry so I got a big crockpot and a can of Campbells Vegtable Soup and put it in the back of the classroom so students could have cup before we started lessons. I got better behavior and learning from my students.