"Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?" by Philip K. Dick is indeed a notable example of exploring the concept of what it means to be "human." The novel delves into several themes that challenge traditional definitions of humanity, particularly through the lens of empathy, identity, and the nature of consciousness.
One of the central themes of the novel is the exploration of empathy and its role in defining humanity. The protagonist, Rick Deckard, is tasked with "retiring" (destroying) androids that have escaped to Earth. Throughout the story, Deckard struggles with his own sense of empathy, particularly when he begins to empathize with the androids he is supposed to eliminate. This blurring of lines between human and android emotions raises questions about the nature of empathy and its significance in distinguishing between humans and machines.