you can deploy Copilot Absolutely! Heavy Rare Earth Elements (HREE) deposits are typically associated with specific types of parent rocks. Here are some of the best-known parent rocks for HREE ore deposits:
### 1. **Alkaline Igneous Rocks**
- **Description**: These rocks are rich in alkali metals like sodium and potassium. They include nepheline syenites, trachytes, and peralkaline granites.
- **Examples**: The Kvanefjeld deposit in Greenland and the Strange Lake deposit in Canada are notable examples.
- **Minerals**: Common HREE-bearing minerals in these rocks include eudialyte, loparite, and fergusonite.
### 2. **Carbonatites**
- **Description**: These are igneous rocks composed predominantly of carbonate minerals.
- **Examples**: The Mountain Pass deposit in the USA and the Bayan Obo deposit in China are famous for their REE content.
- **Minerals**: HREEs in carbonatites are often found in minerals like bastnäsite and monazite.
### 3. **Hydrothermal Deposits**
- **Description**: These deposits form from hot, mineral-rich fluids that precipitate minerals in fractures and pores of rocks.
- **Examples**: The Browns Range in Australia is a significant hydrothermal HREE deposit.
- **Minerals**: Xenotime is a common HREE-bearing mineral in these deposits–xenotime ...](https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology/article/46/3/263/526711/Hydrothermal-formation-of-heavy-rare-earth-element).
### 4. **Ion-Adsorption Clays**
- **Description**: These are weathered granitic rocks where REEs are adsorbed onto clay minerals.
- **Examples**: Southern China is known for its ion-adsorption clay deposits.
- **Minerals**: REEs are typically adsorbed onto minerals like kaolinite and halloysite.
### References
1. **[Rare Earth Element Deposits of Alkaline Igneous Rocks](https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9276/6/3/34)**
2. **[Hydrothermal Formation of HREE Deposits](https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology/article/46/3/263/526711/Hydrothermal-formation-of-heavy-rare-earth-element)**
3. **[Conventional Rare Earth Element Mineral Deposits](https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-31867-2_2)**
4. **[A Classification Scheme for Ore Deposits](https://bu.edu.eg/portal/uploads/Science/Geology/1400/crs-5058/Files/Basem%20Ahmed%20Zoheir_Ore%20geology%20course_lecture%2001.pdf)**
5. **[Rare Earth and Critical Elements in Ore Deposits](https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/segweb/books/edited-volume/1998/chapter/16271168/Characteristics-and-Genesis-of-Ion-Adsorption-Type)**
These parent rocks are crucial for the formation of HREE deposits, and understanding their geology can help in the exploration and extraction of these valuable elements.