Pre sowing irrigation was applied, irrigation after 2 days of sowing in clayey soils of terai region of Nepal 🇳🇵,very low RH, hugh wind speed and day temperature avove 40 degree celcius and heat waves 2 days after sowing of the crop.
The germination of a seed depends on a variety of factors, such as water availability, oxygen, temperature, etc. An optimal temperature is required for the germination of seed. Low temperatures retard embryonic activities, whereas high temperatures destroy delicate embryonic tissues.
Generally, mung beans benefit in warmer climates where the optimal temperature is 27–30 °C, and they are known for germinating and sprouting at quick rates in these conditions. As a plant hormone, gibberellin is necessary for seed germination. From the point of view of general scientific truth, within a short period, germination can be initiated, but as the germination-inducing growth hormones are proteinaceous in nature, by themselves they can be affected under high temperatures, which makes the germination difficult to induce or trigger. Even though it might germinate at such a high temperature, the subsequent seedling or plant growth ceased/retarded.
It is well known that mungbean is sensitive to temperature and water stress conditions. Ideally, it grows well within the temperature range of 27–30 °C. It has been observed that high temperatures (>35 ◦C day temperature) and water stress conditions during the reproductive stage of mungbean crops affect crop yield.
Based on certain literature, the crop thrives in hot and humid weather conditions, with an optimal temperature range of 28°–35°C, and is mainly cultivated in rain-fed environments. For instance, various mungbean germplasm can grow and produce seeds in extreme ambient temperatures as low as 20°C or as high as 45°C. This range of variation in mungbean germplasm for heat tolerance plays a crucial role in developing heat tolerant and high yielding mungbean cultivars.
Here's a paper:
Article Effects of Temperature and Water Potential on Germination, R...