Several organic pollutants are commonly found in groundwater. Here are a few examples: Benzene,Toluene,Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs),Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs),Pesticides...
Per and Polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) - Found in water supplies world wide, both ground and surface water. Possibly the largest world wide water crisis contaminant caused by chemical industry, manufacturing, wastewater discharge, atmospheric deposition, and spreading of biosolids.
Here are a few common organic pollutants that are often found in groundwater:
Benzene is used in various industrial processes and is found in gasoline. can leach into groundwater from underground storage tanks, fuel spills, or leaking pipelines. can cause adverse health effects, including leukemia and other blood disorders.
Toluene is used in manufacturing processes and is found in gasoline as well. It can contaminate groundwater through similar sources as benzene. exposure can lead to neurological and developmental issues, particularly in children.
Trichloroethylene (TCE) used in degreasing and cleaning. It is known to be a potent groundwater contaminant due to its widespread industrial use. Long-term exposure is linked to various health problems, including liver and kidney damage and an increased risk of certain cancers.
Perchloroethylene (PCE) industrial solvent used in dry cleaning and metal degreasing. It is notorious for contaminating groundwater through leaking storage tanks and improper disposal practices. can cause adverse health effects, including damage to the central nervous system and liver.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) formed during the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, wood, and other organic materials. can enter groundwater through stormwater runoff or leaching from contaminated soil. long-term exposure can lead to adverse health effects.
Chlorinated solvents like dichloroethylene (DCE) and vinyl chloride can contaminate groundwater due to their common industrial use. health risks, especially vinyl chloride, a human carcinogen.
One of the major problems that the twenty-first century is facing is environmental pollution, and research communities are paying close attention. The contamination of organic substances is posing threats to human health and harming our environment, so there is an immediate need to resolve this problem with efficient solutions. Cleaning up large-scale water pollution from mining activities and groundwater contamination from waste sites requires science-based decisions that take into account the specific hydrological conditions, the microbial and geochemical transformation pathways, and possible remediation technologies to choose the most effective strategies. Despite the anticipated advances in water treatment technologies, efforts to reduce introduction of problematic chemicals into the (aquatic) environment should be given highest priority. This requires the improvement of the scientific tools to identify those existing chemicals that need to be substituted and phased out, and political support will be needed to enforce such action. This chapter analyses the occurrence of groundwater contaminants, including natural and manmade.
Contaminants found in groundwater cover a broad range of physical, inorganic, and organic chemicals and radioactive parameters. The increasing trends of industrial effluents including municipal sewage are the main sources for contaminants, chiefly organic pollutants, in groundwater."