Government managers, politicians, development organizations and several institutions are trying to foster INNOVATION as a way to shorten the gap between developed and under-developed countries/regions. For most, the way to do this is creating special and focused policies to induce innovation in a top-down process. These policies are based in assumptions about what are innovative products and processes, assumptions about how these innovative products will reach the market, assumptions about competencies to be developed, and etc.

Our research considers INNOVATION as the emergent outcome of a complex adaptive system, a hierarchical system where individuals and firms interact freely and with no central control. That is, for us the innovation is a bottom-up process.

However, the practices all around the world insist in top-down policies, contrary to what our findings are showing. Why?

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Article Innovation Emergence: Public Policies versus Actors’ Free Interaction

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