I want to know if freshwater fish are able to utilize dissolved vitamins in the water. If so how do they do this is it by consuming water, the movement of nutrients across the gills or skin? I know there are a few aquarium vitamins supplements that recommend adding it directly into the water but I am struggling to find the mechanism in which this works. Papers that explain the uptake of dissolved vitamin by fish would be much appreciated.

Is the uptake of dissolved organic nutrients in the water only possible by marine invertebrate?

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