You can find a major application of geopolymers in the following link: http://www.geopolymer.org/news/visit-airport-eco-building/, where GGBS and FA were used; however, from my perspective, agricultural waste based geopolymers is the material of the future.
Clay is a binder that has been used successfully in construction for at least 10,000 years, and still worked well!. Many successful modern buildings have aggregates bound together with natural clay, either as mud brick, cob, wattle and daub, or rammed earth.
There are a lot of binders that work in combination with cement but which don't have any binding powers when you use them alone. A lot of fly ashes work like this.
There are also geopolymers that use an alkaline environment to start the binding process.
We've done some tests on fly ash coming from bio incinerators. These fly ashes contained a lot of CaO, which has binding properties.
In a carbon-less economy the best binder will be those that use the least energy to obtain and put in place and the least CO2/NOX emissions to produce. Ideally they would be carbon neutral or even better- carbon sequestering. Natural clay/earth building techniques require very little energy input to make useful, so have minimal embodied energy, and quick lime could be made in wood fired kilns, and does reabsorb some CO2 during its re-carbonation phase. However lime use does till need to be very limited, and can be extended with ideally natural pozzolans. Slag from steel works adds fly ash can be very toxic materials.