One Laptop Per Child (OLPC) program was launched in 2005. There have been research studies which evaluated OLPC program. I have gone through such initial studies. I'm looking for recent studies (2013 onwards).
Crook, S. J., Sharma, M. D., & Wilson, R. (2015). An evaluation of the impact of 1: 1 laptops on student attainment in senior high school sciences. International Journal of Science Education, 37(2), 272-293.
Harris, J., & Al-Bataineh, A. (2015). One to One Technology and its Effect on Student Academic Achievement and Motivation. In Global Learn (Vol. 2015, No. 1, pp. 579-584).
Heath, J. B. (2015). An Analysis of the Correlation between ACT Scores and One-to-One Computing.
Kroksmark, T. (2014). The stretchiness of learning the digital mystery of learning in one-to-one environments in schools. Education and Information Technologies, 1-18.
Battro, A. M. (2013). One Laptop Per Child: Comments on Jeffrey James's Critique. Social Science Computer Review, 31(1), 133-135. doi:10.1177/0894439311421752
Beuermann, D. W., Cristia, J., Cueto, S., Malamud, O., & Cruz-Aguayo, Y. (2015). One Laptop per Child at Home: Short-Term Impacts from a Randomized Experiment in Peru. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 7(2), 53-80. doi:http://www.aeaweb.org/aej-applied/
de Oliveira Kist, S., Soares Carvalho, M. J., & de Vargas Bittencourt, J. (2013). One Laptop per Child and its Implications for the Process of Written Language Learning: A Case Study in Brazil. Revista Electrónica de Investigación Educativa, 15(2), 51-68.
Fajebe, A. A., Best, M. L., & Smyth, T. N. (2013). Is the One Laptop Per Child Enough? Viewpoints from Classroom Teachers in Rwanda. Information Technologies & International Development, 9(3), 29-42.
James, J. (2014). Economics of the one laptop per child in India. Current Science (00113891), 106(8), 1061-1063.
James, J. (2015). Macroeconomic Consequences of the One Laptop per Child Project. Journal of International Development(1), 144. doi:10.1002/jid.3023/abstract
Shinobu, Y., Javzan, S., Jun-ichi, T., & Khishigbuyan, D.-O. (2014). The Effect of Using XO Computers on Students' Mathematics and Reading Abilities: Evidences from Learning Achievement Tests Conducted in Primary Education Schools in Mongolia. International Journal of Education & Development using Information & Communication Technology, 10(2), 89.
Stoloff, D. L. (2013). Learning to change the world: the social impact of one laptop per child, 519.
I research about the OLPC in Brazil. There are a few recent studies about the programme in the country, but they are in Portuguese...
Here are some other references not mentioned above.
2015_TELESCA & DEMELENNE_Las prácticas pedagógicas y la incorporación de la computadora en el aula - una experiencia desde el programa Una Computadora por Niño (Paraguay)
2014_MOZELIUS, RAHUMAN & WIKRAMANAYAKE_Two years of one-to-one computing in Sri Lanka - the impact on formal and informal learning in primary school education
2014_ BAMATTRE_Green Machines and Constructionism - The Rhetoric and Reality of One Laptop Per Child in Sub-Saharan Africa
2013_FAJEBE, BEST & SMYTH_Is the One Laptop Per Child Enough? Viewpoints from Classroom Teachers in Rwanda
2013_PAKARINEN et al_Designing OLPC Learning Environments - A Case on 1-1 Pedagogy in Rural Tanzania
2013_ANDERSEN_A travelogue of 100 laptops - investigating development, Actor-Network Theory and One Laptop per Child
2013_MO et al_Can One-to-One Computing Narrow the Digital Divide and the Educational Gap in China. The Case of Beijing Migrant Schools
2013_LIGHT & PIERSON_Changing Classroom Practices through a One-to-One Laptop Program in Rural Argentina - Experiences of Schools in San Luis
2013_SILVA; TEDRE & APIOLA_Pedagogy of 1-1 Computing in Colombia. A Case Study of Three Rural Schools
2013_QUINONES_El Plan Ceibal (OLPC – Uruguay) entre la utopía y la distopía
2013_PIOVANI & PIRES_Los programas una computadora por niño em Brasil y Uruguay - estudo de casos
2013_(doutorado) BEITLER_National programmes, technical projects. An ethnography of the OLPC programme in Uruguay