I don't know about utilities, but there is some literature on the use of national oil companies for all kinds of purposes. In many developing countries this has led to lack of clarity about tasks and responsibility, all kinds of inefficiencies and corruption, the NOC becoming a state in the state etc. Unfortunately I can't remember concrete publications, but if you search for literature on national oil companies, it should be possible to find something.
Apart from my own piece in Energy Policy I have not come across any pieces explicitly dealing with this. There is a paper or even a book there, Hugo ;) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2019.111066
There are numerous examples of such behavior in remote settlements where maintaining public utilities, although loss-making, is the only way to ensure minimal living conditions to the local inhabitants. Besides power and water supply, I can also refer to a case in my country, Russia, where the federal authorities urged the Defense Ministry to re-open the military airfield in the remote Arctic community of Tiksi, which was its only year-round communication with the outside world. See e.g. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiksi_Airport