The fossil polypterids reported in the literature are from the Cretaceous of Africa and from the Cretaceous/Paleocene of South America. Some of the African ones are better preserved than the South American ones. If you would like to have some references, I can provide you with.
Two references concerning Cretaceous polypteriforms and possible contacts:
Dutheil D.1999 - The first articulated fossil cladistian, Serenoichthys kemkemensis. J. Vert. Paleont. 19:243-246.
Gayet M., Meunier F. 1991. Noveaux Polypteryformes du gisement Conicien-Senomien de l’In Becetem (Niger). Comptes Reendus de l’Acad. Sci. Paris IIa. 322: 701-707.
Didier Dutheil (Paris) has other papers on Cretaceous bichirs published in Mesozoic Fishes, but you should contact him to ask for the papers (because of copyright constrains). You can contact him here, in RG.
Olga Otero (Poitiers) has published on younger bichirs. You can reach her in RG.