I'm not sure if that what you are looking for; anyhow there are few methods documented within refrences below about retrival of Land Surface Temprature from Landsat Thermal Bands.

• Qihao Weng, Dengsheng Lu, Jacquelyn Schubring, Estimation of land surface temperature–vegetation abundance relationship for urban heat island studies, Remote Sensing of Environment, Volume 89, Issue 4, 29 February 2004, Pages 467-483, ISSN 0034-4257, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2003.11.005.
• José A. Sobrino, Juan C. Jiménez-Muñoz, Leonardo Paolini, Land surface temperature retrieval from LANDSAT TM 5, Remote Sensing of Environment, Volume 90, Issue 4, 30 April 2004, Pages 434-440, ISSN 0034-4257, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2004.02.003.
• Qin, Z. H., Karnieli, A., & Berliner, P. (2001). A mono-window algorithm for retrieving land surface temperature from Landsat TM data and its application to the Israel-Egypt border region. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 22(18), 3719-3746.

Hope it helps.

Thank you very much Dor Fridman

Dear Mai,

Here are some minerals papers using fuzzy logic in GIS for you:

http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/papers/fabio_rbg.pdf

http://www.isprs.org/proceedings/XXXVII/congress/8_pdf/12_WG-VIII-12/17.pdf

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279975022_Geochemical_Anomaly_and_Mineral_Prospectivity_Mapping_in_GIS_Using_Fuzzy_Logic_Integration_Kajan_Exploration_Area_Central_District_of_Nain_County_Isfahan_Province_Iran

Thanks Liem very much

For minerals identification part, you may refer to NASA's JPL Spectral signature library at following links:

http://speclib.jpl.nasa.gov/documents/jpl_desc

http://speclib.jpl.nasa.gov/

You may also refer to my following research work for Dolomite identification from Hyperspectral Imagery. Though, it was an initial research work but it can be useful for the identification of minerals from satellite imagery.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280384662_Preliminary_Results__Hyperspectral_Image_Analysis_for_Dolomite_Identification_in_Tarbela_Dam_Region_of_Pakistan

Hope this helps!

Article Preliminary Results – Hyperspectral Image Analysis for Dolom...

Thank Jibran Khan very much, nice to meet you