Vertebrates

When does an ossified otic capsule first appear in vertebrate evolution?

I am looking for information and references on the early evolution of a bony otic capsule, broadly defined as any ossification surrounding or associated with the vestibule and/or other inner ear...

01 January 1970 6,756 8 View

Which is the best possible method to isolate spinal cord intact from laboratory mice?

I am trying to separate it by cutting through vertebral column,but it seems to be difficult.Is the flushing out method more appropriate?

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