How is a secondary phase, formed due to partial Schottky (pseudo-Schottky) defects in a single crystal, disposed at its surface?

If I have a ABX3 cubic perovskite single crystal, and AX partial Schottky defects (A+ and X- ions leave the bulk and form a AX secondary phase at ABX3's surface, leaving A and X vacancies behind)...

18 October 2015 4,767 5 View