About plasma temperature?

There are many definitions about plasma temperature, like electron temperature, ionization temperature, excitation temperature, atomic temperature, ionic temperature... What do they mean? I am...

31 December 2018 5,235 2 View

How to assemble micrometer-sized metallic particles on glass surface?

Hi everyone, I want to put some metallic particles with micrometer-sized (

08 September 2017 5,216 4 View

How to understand the physical image of polaron?

How to understand the physical image of polaron? I have searched it in wiki, but the concept is still hard to understand. Could anyone use some simple and easy to understand words to explain it?...

03 April 2017 9,408 4 View

What is the physical meaning of accuracy of the step motor?

I use a step motor-based x-y microscope stage. I notice the paprameters in the datasheet include repeatability, accuracy and step size. Let the physical location to be X, so I understand the step...

03 April 2017 4,972 0 View

How to get a high conversion effiency when using the BBO crystal for a 800nm fs laser (SHG process)?

I want to get 400nm from the 800nm laser using the BBO crystal, however, the conversion efficiency is quite low. In my case, the 800 nm pulse is with the rep. rate of 80MHz and average power of...

02 March 2017 5,886 20 View

Any textbook about scientific instrument design?

01 February 2017 7,271 2 View

In what case can the plasma be treated as the ideal gas?

In what case can the plasma be treated as the ideal gas? The plasma, more specifically, is induced during a laser ablation event.

10 November 2016 9,130 3 View

What is the bandgap of PbWO4?

what is the bandgap of PbWO4?

05 June 2016 1,621 3 View

What is coulombic screening?

what is coulombic screening? Any reference? Thanks!

10 November 2015 4,184 1 View

How to accurately measure a laser beam with a radius less than 1 micrometer (um)?

how to accurately measure a laser beam with a radius less than 1 micrometer (um)?

07 August 2015 662 0 View

flexibility of polymers chain

effect of double bond on the flexibility of polymers

07 April 2021 0 0 View

Formulation of polymer color flakes

I am writing to request some information for making polymer color flakes. I would appreciate the help.

17 March 2021 0 0 View

Physics: Why do we describe light by referring to its wavelength, but microwaves and radar pulses by referring to their frequency?

In physics, the description of the properties of light generally refers to its wavelength (nm), while in the range of microwaves and radio waves we refer to the frequency of a signal (e.g. kHz or...

03 March 2021 1,682 3 View

What is the production process of CaFe ferroalloys?

I looking for ferro calcium production process

03 March 2021 1,755 4 View

Why are the velocities so high in my Boussinesq approximation Fluent simulation?

Hello, I have a mechanism where air rises due to convective flows. In this simulation, nothing is driving the air except this. I understand that the Boussinesq approximation only works for small...

02 March 2021 4,910 3 View

12% ledeburitic cold work tool steel, etched for revealing retained austenite, any help for clarifying?

Hello everyone. Given microstructure image belongs to a 12% ledeburitic cold work tool steel (annealed and tempered). The sample was etched with picral (100 mL ethanol and 4 g picric acid). I...

02 March 2021 4,119 3 View

Why almost every element would be metallized in sufficiently high pressure and low temperature?

(This statement is from wikipedia, BTW). What is so special about metallic bond that is limiting high-P low-T state of a matter (as long as individual atoms exist, not white dwarf of neutron star...

02 March 2021 3,309 2 View

How Can I bring as much common elements in steel as possible to calculate stable phase(s) in OpenCalphad?

As I was tweaking step-by-step OpenCalphad6 Macros step1.ocm involving phase and thermal property calculation of a High-speed steel, I could not incorporate more than 6 elements in the steel...

01 March 2021 8,840 1 View

How can you bring two structures together to create an adhesive bond in LAMMPS?

I have created an Ice 1h crystalline structure and an Aluminium substrate structure and equilibrated both at 250K. Now I need to bring them together in a way that an adhesive bond is created....

01 March 2021 3,325 2 View

Which cell line should we use to perform biological dosimetry experiments?

We are preparing some experiments based on irradiating cells under different conditions in order to evaluate the effects in terms of DNA damage, genetic expression, etc. As our project is...

01 March 2021 3,355 3 View