What is the range of overall heat transfer coefficient in economizers?

In economizers, the overall heat transfer coefficient (U) can vary depending on various factors such as the design, fluid properties, flow rates, and the operating conditions. The range of overall heat transfer coefficient can also be influenced by the type of heat exchanger used and the specific configuration of the economizer.

Typically, the overall heat transfer coefficient in economizers falls within a range of 50 to 500 W/(m²·K). However, it is important to note that this range can vary significantly based on the factors mentioned above. Here are some considerations related to the range of overall heat transfer coefficient in economizers:

Fluid Properties: The thermal properties of the fluids involved, such as the specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity, and density, can affect the overall heat transfer coefficient. Different fluids, such as flue gas and water, have different thermal properties, and this can influence the overall heat transfer rate.

Surface Geometry and Design: The design of the heat transfer surfaces, such as the finned tubes or extended surfaces, can impact the overall heat transfer coefficient. The geometry, surface area, and arrangement of the fins or tubes affect the heat transfer characteristics and consequently, the overall heat transfer coefficient.

Flow Rates and Fluid Velocity: The flow rates and velocities of the hot flue gas and cold water play a significant role in determining the overall heat transfer coefficient. Higher flow rates and velocities generally enhance heat transfer by promoting better fluid mixing and reducing boundary layer thickness.

Fouling and Scaling: Fouling and scaling on the heat transfer surfaces can adversely affect the overall heat transfer coefficient. Deposits on the surfaces reduce the effective heat transfer area and increase the thermal resistance, resulting in lower overall heat transfer coefficients. Regular maintenance and cleaning are essential to mitigate fouling and scaling issues.

Operating Conditions: The operating conditions of the economizer, such as the inlet and outlet temperatures of the hot flue gas and cold water, can impact the overall heat transfer coefficient. Higher temperature differences between the hot and cold fluids tend to enhance heat transfer.

It is important to note that the range mentioned above is a general guideline, and the specific value of the overall heat transfer coefficient will depend on the aforementioned factors as well as the specific design and operating parameters of the economizer. To obtain a more accurate estimate of the overall heat transfer coefficient for a particular economizer, it is recommended to consult design guidelines, engineering handbooks, or specific research papers that focus on economizer performance and heat transfer.

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