it depends on the compositions of waste water. for instance if there is chlorine or sulfate the problem is different. most of the time Corrosion of the concrete and consequently the reinforcement bars are progressive and results are very disastrous.
water between sub-base and pavement can cause pumping and then void and punch-out; chlorine (used to melt snow) can cause corrosion. some factors may endanger the interface between rebar and concrete and lend to debond. debonding will make rebar useless and there will be wider crack width and smaller crack space.