By and large some level of productivity of construction labours is built-in in BSR i.e. Basic Schedule of Rates wherein in every construction activity rates the component of labour input is known and accordingly rates are calculated.
Is your question related to this aspect or something else?
I think your question is a bit simplistic considering the breadth and depth of the construction industry. It would be difficult to create a universal protocol that would cover all trades in all environments across the world. Even if one did, the inherent randomness and variability would make its output suspect. Hence I think a more focused, market-specific approach would be desirable.
No contactor will use labor numbers created by a system on any program. First, he or she is the only one who knows the skills, level of excellence, attitude and conditions of the construction project. A PHD as a rule, has no idea how or what it takes to construction or motivate labors to work in hot, cold or wet condition. I love going against a PHD in court on behalf of the defense. My clients have construction problems for real, not theoretical. Go out, spend a summer on a construction project that you are qualified to work on and then write a paper.
Because CLP is completely relative and various factors influencing on it. There is lot of research available in the literature on these factors and how much they influence the CLP. However, these qualitative information needs to be quantified. My research ares is on the same issue what you have mentioned. Even standard schedule of rates were also not absolute. They are arrived by conducting work measurement techniques and standardized in such a way to arrive tender estimates for various types of construction projects. I developed a different way of scientific approach where you need to take few human parameters and can calculate the CLP. This method can be standardized for various labour tasks. Please go through my article here which explains the exploratory method of arriving CLP https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0018720819829944 . Further extensive research and developments were also done in this area and got successfully validated on field.