ASR is Alkalia - Silica Reactivity. It is a reaction between the surface of silica based rocks, and Portland Cement. Substituting about 20 % Fly Ash from coal fired power plants ( for the Portland Cement ) severely reduces this gel forming expansive reaction. Since Limestone does not have silica in it, and limestone is one of the main components of Portland Cement, there should be no Alkalia - Silica reaction. Limestone is Calcium Carbonate (Ca CO3), there is no SiO2.
Some aggregates contains phases which react with pore solution alkalis from cement hydration forming a gel-like substance. The gel formed imbibes water resulting in expansion and disruption of concrete. The mechanism can occur in three forms : alkali-silica reaction, alkali-silicate reaction, and alkali-carbonate reaction (ACR). The most common form is the alkali-silica reaction (ASR). The commonly reactive forms of reactive silica are: Amorphous silica, microcrystalline, and poorly crystalline, fractured or strained quartz, glassy silica. ASR gel leads to expansion and cracking manifesting itself in form of surface map cracking, and may lead to loss of strength and stiffness. For ASR attack to occur, there must be reactive aggregates, sufficient moisture and presence of alkalis. In the field, it takes several years for ASR to develop. Limestone (Ca CO3) is not a reactive aggregate because it does not contain silica. Therefore, ASR cannot take place. However, the strength of limestone aggregates is weak compare to silica aggregates.