Your answer is YES! Just assume this system as a microgrid and use a power switch (circuit breaker) to connect/disconnect the microgrid to/from the main grid.

Hi Nadia, you may consider the IEEE 14 bus system as a microgrid, but all based on your research purpose. For a real microgrid, active components such as DG, battery, diesel generator etc. can be installed. Also network unbalance is another concern. Cheers, Su

Yes you can, only if the following conditions are true:

1. The IEEE 14 bus system is able to connect and disconnect from the rest of the system (an extended distribution system).

2. The IEEE 14 bus system has its own distributed generation (may or may not be connected to the same bus).

3. Storage is available.

4. Coordinated control strategy for the DG units is implemented.

5. Frequency and voltage control through droop control or alternative versions of this strategy is implemented.

6. A seamless transition control strategy is implemented for moving this particular microgrid from islanded mode to grid connected mode.

7. Points 4-6 cover the primary and secondary control layers for the microgrid. You may also want to look at unit commitment or other optimal operational techniques for the microgrid. This will cover the tertiary layer control, though this is optional.

Microgrids may be considered as a whole grid, but its geographic extent is significantly smaller. Consequently, the lengths of the transmission links connecting various nodes are relatively small. As a result, the dissipation effect (e.g. limitations of the propagation of transients) is much lower as the electrical lengths are much smaller. As a conclusion, it may be questionable to consider the IEEE 14 bus system as a micirogrid. You may consider reducing the lengths of the lines, while keeping the same base case power production, and demands for compacting the system!

Dear Nadia

IEEE 14 bus system is essentially a MV network. Sometimes, the researchers may consider this system as an MV active distribution system by adding some distributed generator. However, in my opinion, it is not a microgrid.

Regards,

When simulation is your base. Then, YES you can consider. All the best. But for real time analysis few other parameters are required.

Nadia,

The defined characteristics for IEEE-14 bus system may not be considered as a small scale energy zone or microgrid; however, if you wanna take this structure as an MG, you have to modify some attributes of the network. In this regard, please consider the suggestions of Syed A. Raza .

My suggestion is that you can consider the IEEE-14 bus system as a main grid and then define other buses with small scale generation units and loads and then connect your defined microgrid to the IEEE-14 system. You can extend the system to several MGs either.

Peace,

Nima

Lets not loose track of definition of micro grid. GENERALLY, the size should be small, meant to feed a cluster of houses or villages, shopping complex etc where power handling should be say a few hundred kW to about say 2 MW consisting of a couple of solar plants ranging from 25 to 250 kW, diesel set of say 25 to 50 kW,wind of say one MW, biogas and bio mass of 100 to 200 kVA with a possible connection to main grid. 14 bus system could be part of main grid , but you have to model a microgrid and give a connectivity. It is possible also to keep 14 bus structure same but re adjust the line lengths, generator sizes , types etc.(Then it is different system)

The important thing is the monitoring part, response times and handling the system having less inertia , not the topology.

My previous answer was based on the fact that Nadia must have adjusted the length of transmission lines of IEEE-14 bus system to make sure that it abides the definition of a microgrid while also adjusting the power levels and the proximity of generators/DGs. In this respect, I agree with the suggestions from Dr. Shimmy and Dr. Tripathy.

We cannot consider IEEE 14 bus system as microgrid, because the X/R ratio will differ for various transmission line length. Moreover, Microgrid will be connected at the distribution end of grid system.

Thank you all for advising me.

Indeed there is no clear thresholds for the size of microgrids, but you can rarely find a microgrid larger than 50 MW, as I have not seen. Considering IEEE 14 bus system as a microgrid would be so questionable.

European specific networks can be found in this document

"CIGRE Brochure 575 Benchmark Systems for Network Integration of Renewable and Distributed Energy Resources".

The document is free for CIGRE members

yes you can. only your imagination is the limit. The concept of microgrid is 'wide open'!!

A distribution network of IEEE 14-bus by including distributed energy resources, Battery Energy Storage etc. can be considered as a microgrid. You need to connect it to grid depending on mode of operation i.e. grid connected or isolated.

The discussions converge on one point that there could be better micro grid examples than 14 bus system . It is beneficial to take network from real world . Micrgrids are vulnerable and protection satisfying all operations is difficult. A grid connectivity is desirable. Often, high degree of accuracy in fault detection ,islanding and optimal scheduling etc could make controller cost upset the economy of microgrid .( Distributed generators in a microgrid have built in uncertainty in their generation) Each microgrid therefore will be unique.

I know that Nadia's attempt to use the IEEE 14 bus system is the main reference in discussing microgrids. However in my opinion the IEEE 14 bus system is not purely suitable for that. In my research on microgrids, initially, I was also looking for a suitable bus system reference for research on microgrids, but I could not find it.

For this reason, what I have developed is to develop a separate model, with standard topology and generator compositions that are widely implemented in the island microgrid system in Indonesia. That is the sharing from my research experiences.

Although some references use the IEEE 14 bus system as a microgrid but I think it is not a good choice.

You can simulate other acceptable test systems such as CERTS or IEC test microgrids for validation of your research.