Some philosophers and Sufis, such as Muhyiddin Ibn al-Arabi, have argued that everything can be alive in the universe.
Are you agree with this claim?
Is there any work as book or articles you can recommend me about this topic?
Dear Ramazan,
Interesting topic.
I think this point was developed by F. Neitzche work on Will to Power, which can be traced to Shopenhauer, and in turn to Kant. With Neitzche, we discern that a power-struggle is going on between things, which leads to both creation and decay. In inorganic matter, the will to power seems to be paralyzed or in a static state. In organic matter, the will to power is in a dynamic state that can lead to transcendental realization. His book Thus Spoke Zarathustra was influenced by the same philosophical background you identified, and got extended in his Beyond Good and Evil just after Thus Spoke Zarathustra.
In his The History of Western Philosophy, Bertrand Russel stated that according to Aristotle, Thales, the first ancient Greek Philosopher held that a magnet has a soul because it can move things. I do not know if this idea links up with the Sufi philosophy. I know that in some Indian worship, before one worships a image, it is necessary to establish a soul in it by a customary procedure.
Dear Ramazan Bicer ,
you've chosen amazing and useful topic.
maybe based on physiology this claim is wrong yet Muslim philosophers tell and prove another theorem like Muhammad Husayn Tabataba'i.
personally I think everything is alive but there are different capacity of being (In philosophy, being means the existence of a thing. Anything that exists has being.) so we can claim universe is not a substance. It is a process.
Hamed Mirzaei Abbasabadi Mohammad Andalib
Dear Ramrattan.
Thank you very much for your kind reply. Your reply is very usefull.
This opinion is very interesting:
"In his The History of Western Philosophy, Bertrand Russel stated that according to Aristotle, Thales, the first ancient Greek Philosopher held that a magnet has a soul because it can move things."
But I wonder that: Do they explains this soul as the substance of the matter or as an external factor? For example, is this soul an angel? The Some sufis do this as an angel ( malak al-muwaqqal: He/she's the angel who manages the object) As you know, there is an angelic belief in religions.
Say what?
Dear Hamed Mirzaei.
Thank you very much for your kind and usefull reply.
I wonder that
1. What is the opinion of Allama Tabatabai on this topic?
I care about the ideas of the philosopher and religious scholar Tabatabai.
2. Can you explain that "we can claim universe is not a substance. It is a process"?
Best regards
"Siberian scientists find bacteria that could live on Mars"
https://siberiantimes.com/science/others/news/siberian-scientists-find-bacteria-that-could-live-in-mars/
According to the invention in this article, can there be living everywhere in the universe?
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