Dear Yaozhi Jiang,

Please look at attached file.

To Dear Kanhaiya Sharma,

Thanks for your diagram. This seems that the current level of computer is as you said above, but the developping of AI is dynamical process and its disadvantages will be perfected, and I believe of AI will be the most powerful intelligence than humans in the future.

Artificial intelligence is becoming good at many “human” jobs—diagnosing disease, translating languages, providing customer service—and it’s improving fast. This is raising reasonable fears that AI will ultimately replace human workers throughout the economy. But that’s not the inevitable, or even most likely, outcome. Never before have digital tools been so responsive to us, nor we to our tools. While AI will radically alter how work gets done and who does it, the technology’s larger impact will be in complementing and augmenting human capabilities, not replacing them.

https://hbr.org/2018/07/collaborative-intelligence-humans-and-ai-are-joining-forces

Yaozhi Jiang

only enough to be a tool for humans. But yes, its very powerful tool which human never ever seen specially the AI of 2020 onward will be very very dominating.

An average human being may feel inferiority.

This can be another era of solution for challenges and vice versa.

UNPREDICTABLY IMPACTFUL.

Background :-[1]

• The ability of a computer system or a machine to behave intelligently with some human traits is known as artificial intelligence (AI) or machine intelligence (MI).
• Automated cars, interpretation of human speech, high level gaming strategies, decoding complex data etc are all possible because of artificial intelligence of machines.

Pros :-[1]

• Artificial intelligence is developing with every passing day. New technologies are being invented every other day as a result of advancement of science, which is leading to simpler lives.
• AI can be used for higher security purposes of confidential belongings. Features like face recognition and voice recognition are used which requires artificial intelligence of computer machines.
• The recent launch of digital assistants like the Google assistant or Siri or Cortana by the highly advanced organizations has taken a role of a new member in every family. With the use of features of AI like logical reasoning, perception of human behavior, massive statistical records, planning, machine learning, these avatars or the assistants can do wonders.
• Doctors and specialists rely a lot on the AI for proper treatments. Be it radiosurgery, or neurological disorder, or depression, artificial intelligence is required in several fields for medical assistances.
• The field of robotics is very closely related to AI, which are logically trained and understands human behavior and psychology well and can be used in multiple fields like industrial laborious work, or engineering of machines minutely, or in operation theaters. Artificial intelligence is bedded into robots so deep, that robots are beating humans in intelligence games or competitions.
• Also, a lot of video games uses the AI as games require human interaction and intelligence the most.

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Cons :-

• The major threat of artificial reasoning is the fear of human race extinction. Great personalities like Stephen Hawking, Elon Musk and Bill Gates had showed their concerns about the negative influences of artificial intelligence and the fear that AI may go beyond the control of humans.
• Facebook has shut down one of its AI systems as bots started talking among themselves in their own language.
• As AI can be used for betterment of humanity, it can also be a reason for human degradation. Automated destructive machines and weapons can be invented which uses the AI and these weapons can lead to mass destruction, if it falls into wrong hands.
• Artificial intelligence hypothetically means a more intelligent machine than human beings. Too much intelligent machines may lead to loss of humanity, because humans would start to rely on those machines too much and would eventually lose their own judgmental, thinking or sentimental qualities.
• Bringing machines with artificial intelligence would mean a reduction in human labor, which in turn leads to unemployment. AI machines would definitely mean better work performances, but it would also lead to an economic instability.

Conclusion :-

Machines with artificial intelligence must have some limitations. The ethics of artificial intelligence has to be formulated well and applied on the machines at all costs. International policies on AI is the need of the hour.[1]

To Jai Deo Tiwari,

Thanks for your comments!

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. These processes include learning (the acquisition of information and rules for using the information), reasoning (using rules to reach approximate or definite conclusions) and self-correction. Particular applications of AI include expert systems, speech ...

Also really as u said AI will be In the coming years due to modern experiences and advanced information Technology

Still machine can't think like human, machine working based on algorithm, certain assumptions, based on learning but human can think differently

Hi Yaozhi Jiang,

Is AI, artificial intelligence, a man-made intelligence that is full-similar to humans, or only enough to be a tool for humans?

First of all, it must be said that Artificial Intelligence (AI) is related to the way of operating and how to make decisions, or to reach conclusions based on external or internal data, similar to how a human would . In my view, the AI ​​is a set of operational techniques. To get closer to the AI, we should delve into concepts such as: system, data, language, algorithms ... (See the effect: https://www.nebrija.es/~cmalagon/ia/transparencias/introduccion_IA.pdf

Perhaps what separates human intelligence from artificial intelligence is in the question of consciousness and feelings. Is it because the feelings do not meet strict objective standards?

The subject is broad, and you may have already consulted John Searle, who says in The Mystery of Consciousness that a computer is by definition a mechanism that manipulates formal symbols. And reject the mind is a computer program, as some claim.

The fact is that artificial intelligence can create (draw) human faces that are said to be real (pictures of faces).

And today in El País weekly, Andrés Oppenheimer, in an interview with Quino Petit, has following interesting statements:

1. Human intelligence will be overcome by artificial intelligence.

2. According to a study by the University of Oxford, 47% of current jobs run the risk of being replaced by robots and computers with artificial intelligence in the United States in the next 15 or 20 years.

And we could ask ourselves: What will disappear and what will remain? Perhaps what is more related to emotions remains.

For Oppenheimer "there will be a human being watching, for example, open-heart medical operations. It will have to be, yes, a multidisciplinary superdoctor, according to the interviewee.

We have no certainties on the subject, only forecasts, intuitions ...

And you already know Google Brain. "Google Brain is a deep learning artificial intelligence research team at Google. Formed in the early 2010s, Google Brain combines open-ended machine learning research with systems engineering and Google-scale computing resources ", can be read in Wikipedia.

As for the perception, it is said on the page that I indicate below that

"This AI passes a psychological test of perception equal to humans."

https://www.technologyreview.es/s/11032/esta-ia-supera-un-test-psicologico-de-percepcion-igual-que-los-humanos

As we know, one of the current problems that attract more attention is the subject of consciousness: its concept, its formation, its references ... I would classify - following your question - the AI ​​within the "tools for humans, "as you say. In the Dictionary of the Language "software" is defined as: "Set of programs, instructions and computer rules to execute certain tasks in a computer".

But: What is the limit of the AI? I am afraid that the answer is more empirical than theoretical. Also, the whole issue of machines that perform operations based on programs, should be regulated by law, with specific regulations for their operation, especially in case of damage (psychological or physical) to humans.

We must bear in mind what has changed life in recent centuries, technology would be incomprehensible to a person of the sixteenth century, to put a datum. For this human, TVs, Internet, jet planes, among many other things ... What would they be? What could think, if anything, of all of them our ancestor?

To finish, I believe that the AI ​​is not comparable to human intelligence, however much that may win chess games. And robots, at least for the moment, do not think like humans. However ... What is the future? What will happen? There will be - and that seems unquestionable - that to make great changes for the possible adaptation of Humanity to the future.

To Miquel Ricart,

Very wonderful the problem "what is the limit of the AI?" is! The AI with overintelligence,such AI perhaps will be a new creature made by mankinds self, maybe harmful to mankinds. The law for AI is necessary absolutely.

Hi!...AI is an abstract notion, but thinking process never will be an artefact. For example, AI can be named as "rational (not optimal!) afferent processor of imitation of brain" .

Interesting the answer of Miquel Ricart. Still there are some clarifications needed. Firstly, AI is by no means restricted to computers (in the classic sense of term). It could be used in various robot classes: androids, cyborgs, Autonomous Things even in swarm robotics. Secondly, as regards John Searle's statement lets not forget the Turing test. Thirdly, it is clearly that a big obstacle is the question of consciousness and feelings. As you know, from some time (1995) the domain of Emotional Intelligence (which deals with feelings and, implicitly consciousness) is scientifically studied. Because man can be a "genius of evil" (e.g. Hitler, Stalin) here I think - as already Isaac Asimov has realized - there must be a barrier.

To Virgiliu Calmatuianu

Mail Sent to Researchgate on 3-4-2019

Relationship between human intelligence and the so-called artificial intelligence

Hi Virgiliu,

First of all, thank you very much for your observations. They are, without doubt, very timely.

Let me make some concretions in my turn.

1. The present theme was initiated by Yaozhi Jiang's question about "whether the AI ​​is completely similar to that of humans, or is it just a" tool "for such humans".

This question can be answered from two points of view: the scientific-technological and the most philosophical.

Anyway, I think they are different intelligences, as I try to indicate below.

2. From the scientific point of view, says Oppenheimer in El País Semanal of March 31, 2019, that "human intelligence will be surpassed by artificial intelligence" (which would answer the question of Yaozhi Jiang). It is possible that this may be partly because, among other things, AI has more "memory" and more capacity and speed of calculation.

Also, we know that the AI ​​can already create (not reproduce only) human faces that would be said to be real people.

We must consider the issue, in turn, from the point of view of feelings and consciousness, which is under study at this time. I suppose it's about neuroscience and the so-called "different types of intelligence". It is a subject for specialists in the field, and since I am not myself, I will not say anything else about it.

3. From the philosophical point of view, the case is that man can not - as it seems - stop advancing in knowledge. And it more and more quickly. The question would be (apart from the strictly scientific questions): How far can humans go? What will be the response of Humanity before - for example - large-scale robotization?

That is, from my point of view, it is a matter of "time", or better, of "analysis of forecasting the future". But this analysis seems to be more intuitive than anything else. Another question may be: Do we have the obligation and sufficient mental capacity (the human species) to think "what is going to happen", or what "can happen"? And even more: How does all this affect our concrete concept of being material? "

We would say that we are -in spite of everything- increasingly immersed in uncertainty, in contingency. In any case, adaptation to the environment should be increasingly rapid by humans. But that race, will not it be a race to nowhere? And if not, where does it lead? And, what could happen, repeating your words, with possible future "geniuses of evil"?

Certainly, it would be, on the other hand, to see what are the issues that can be programmed through the software, what are predictable issues and how to carry them out. We can not forget that it is a question of ends (teleological), optimization of the possibility of results, and, as it should be, sticking to ethics since the end does not justify the means.

4. Conclusion

Human intelligence as such, and so-called artificial intelligence coincide over time; that is what is already taking place. Both intelligences are parts of reality. It should, therefore, establish a system of simultaneity and delimitations. We are facing the challenge of the limitations of the ability to decide autonomously of humans. Now there are problems when some computer program "does not work", usually due to errors of its creators.

But will the world be more complex, or will the AI ​​make it easier? It is about defining a system of optimizations of man's life on Earth. AI is only part of the problem, or the issue. There are overpopulation, climate change, the extinction of natural resources ... What is it that can now be determined, or even, in this case we are trying to affirm or delimit?

When working with a computer, human intelligence (that of the operator) and AI come together. Act together How far should our capacity for analysis or specification be with respect to the possible boundaries between both intelligences? Time will tell, and based on real (factual) situations that arise, Humanity must make its decisions.

Certainly not similar to humans. Production "AI" is not intelligence at all; it is a bag of useful tricks so far.

Hi Miquel,

Thank you for your comments.

From the point of view of technology, considering the astonishing advances of biology in the genetic domain, I think that in the case of the Cyborgs, you are right when you put the sign of equality between human and artificial intelligence.

I appraise, especially your comments regarding the philosophical aspects as many seem to be unaware of their importance.