For searching morphotypes, cytotypes and genotypes of wild species, what procedure/techniques will be helpful?
There are a lot of techniques helpful in your research. This question is too general; you may to make your question more concrete if you want to obtain more precise and detail recomendations from other researches.
Generally you can measure a lot of morphometrical parameters of different organs/parts at different life stages. You may to determine a lot of cytological features, also chromosome numbers and many other. You can use also a lot of molecular markers as SNP, SSU, ITS, microsatellites cpDNA analysis and many many others, and molecular techniques such as AFLP, RFLP, DNA fingerprinting, DNA sequencing (and also many others) or at least full-genome sequencing.
It depends on which plant's wild species are being screened. Overall, when screening morphotypes, cytotypes and genotypes, general idea is to preserve as much genetic variation as possible. Next question you should ask is the availability of resources. morphotypes, cytotypes and genotypes will identify genetic variation with ease in the same order. So if your resources are scarce, try to look for morphotypes which will provide you useful variation. Collecting plants from wild should be done in a way that you represent maximum possible genetic variation. Rule of thumb is to collect from geographically isolated regions. If that is not possible collect from location apart from each other. If you know a little about reproductive biology of the species, you can decide how much distance between locations is safe. Initial collections are normally heavily dependent on morphological and geographical information.
After collection you can see if cytotypes or genotypes exist in wild germplasm, again resources will decide how much you can do in this direction. Marker's success differs from species to species, a wise idea will be to search literature for earlier studies and see which marker is suitable. If there are no earlier studies on your species, try a few on a small sample size. Markers have already been suggested by Andrii which actually are a good suggestions. If you need any particular information, please ask.
Sir, my field of research is exactly what You are asking for. For searching morphotypes, cytotypes and genotypes, the best way first keep some particular taxa in mind and start exploring them on population basis. The species with wider range of distribution with varied altitudinal habitats definitely have differences (minor or major). So collected morphotypes may or may not have the cytological variation but definitely have genotypic variation. To identify morphotypes, cytotypes and genotypes, the collection and analysis of taxa must be on population basis and on large scale.
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