There are several specifications that provide equations to consider the effect of creep and shrinkage on the estimation of prestress loss. As some of the references state, creep and shrinkage equations for precast segmental concrete bridges differ from that for the other types of concrete bridges. For example, one of the references states that the creep factor for precast construction is normally around 1.6, while for in situ construction this factor would normally be between 2.0 and 2.5. Since most of the references are related to the bridges other than segmentally constructed ones, I would really appreciate it if you kindly provide me with some guidance and references related to the following points:

1. Equations for creep and shrinkage calculation in precast concrete.

2. Equations for prestress loss estimation in precast concrete bridges.

Thank you in advance.

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