Photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of a material is the number of photons emitted as a fraction of the number of photons absorbed. The formula of PLQY is given as;
PLQY (%) =number of photon emitted/number of photon absorbed x 100
For the luminescence materials, PLQY characterization is very important for deep understanding of molecular and light absorbing/emitting properties. Mostly, PLQY is measured by integrating sphere. From this technique, PLQY can be finding out directly. In this tool, a sphere is coated with all reflective surfaces to capture all the light going in and out of the sphere. The PLQY measurement is help to finding the fluorescence emission (Ec) and the scatter (Lc) of the sample and also the emission and scatter of a blank i.e Ea and La respectively. So with the help of integral sphere setup, spectral measurements of PLQY can be measured from the given formula; PLQY = (Ec-Ea)/(La-Lc) x 100