lasers may be operated in continuous-wave mode

(with energy emitted as a constant beam), with low settings

and short application time, or in gated-pulse mode (with

energy emitted as a constant but interrupted beam, or

pulsed at specific intervals), with higher settings and longer

application time. Some diode lasers offer specific pulse

duration on–off time controls, allowing higher power to

be applied to the tissue for shorter periods of time, which

allow the tissues to cool adequately before receiving another

pulse of energy. This energy pattern limits accumulation of

heat, which decreases thermal collateral damage.

Regards

Shaida  Anwer  Kakil  M.Sc Optoelectronics  Physics Dept. of Physics / College of Science Univ. of Salahaddin-Erbil Erbil / Kurdistan Region / Iraq