My phone charger specifications are :
Input : 100 - 240V ~50/60 Hz, 0.35A
Output : 5V=2A
Let's say in India, the voltage is around 220V. Now, according to P=V*I
Input Power= 220*0.35 = 77 Watts
Output Power = 5*2 = 10 Watts
So what is happening to the remaining 67 Watts ?
A.C power in put W=V.I.Cos(phi), phi the power factor angle it is not constant for all load(mainly the used step down transformer), and lower at higher load, with increased efficiency.....
It is I^2R and as said by Bhupendra Desai , the power factor has to be known. Since, adapter has semiconductor components, which are non-linear, the power factor will be playing key role.
Your phone charger input/output safety remarks concern, only, the (different units' specs) of the input/output circuits' safety issues. So, your naive calculation method makes no sense.
However, instead of these maximum (nominal) values of current (iinput
There must be the power factor at input side that is playing the role as there are nonlinear components are connected to the system.
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