Eavesdropping, Man in the middle attack (MitM):
Attackers can take advantage of a known weakness in LTE wherein the user identity transference occurs unencrypted, in clear text between the UE and the eNodeB, during the initial attach procedure. This allows an eavesdropper to track the user cell-location or launch a man in the middle attack by user international mobile subscriber identifier (IMSI) impersonation and relay of user messages.
Martin Gilje Jaatun
The most common approach is to use a fake 2g base station, and get the 3g/4g device to accept to downgrade to plain GSM, where there is no mutual authentication of the base station. Using google you can find any number of alternative solutions.
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