I am evaluating the use of cement with limestone filler added to make concrete and desire estructral compare results
Thanks in advance
Besides the mentioned aspects, you should remember that the potential composition of the cement (C3S, C2S, C3A, C4AF) and its fineness are very important. If you change it (cement), the behavior can be completely different in respect the filler addition.
Like other properties, the strength of concrete produced with portland-limestone cement (PLC) is influenced by the quality and quantity of the limestone, the clinker and other cement ingredients, and the particle size distribution of the finished cement. Limestone contents up to 15% may actually increase early-age strength as a combined result of improving particle packing, increasing the rate of cement hydration, and production of calcium carboaluminate. Schmidt (1992a) reported similar strengths for limestone levels up to 10%. However, Hawkins et al. (2005) showed that finer grinding is required in some cases even at lower levels of limestone (up to 8%). The results obtained by Hawkins et al. (2005) indicating that equivalent strengths can be achieved with PLC with up to 8% limestone provided that the PLC is ground to a higher surface area or equal 45 µm sieve value.
Concerning the effect of limestone on the porosity, Zelić et al. (2009) reported that limestone led to the formation of mono- or hemi-carboaluminate hydrates instead of monosulfoaluminate hydrate. This effect helped to stabilize ettringite, leading to an increase in the volume of the hydrates and a reduction in porosity
Schmidt, M., “Cement with Interground Additives - Capabilities and Environmental Relief: Part 1,” Zement-Kalk-Gips, Vol. 45, No. 2, 1992a, pages 64 to 69 (English part in Vol. 45, No. 4, page 87 to 92.).
Hawkins, P.; Tennis, P. D.; and Detwiler, R. J., The Use of Limestone in Portland Cement: A State-of-the-Art Review, EB227, Portland Cement Association, Skokie, Illinois, USA, 2003, 44 pages.
Zelić, J.; Jozić, D.; and Krpan-Lisica, D., “Synergistic Action of a Ternary System of Portland Cement – Limestone – Silica Fume in Concrete,” Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Nanotechnology in Construction, NICOM3, Prague, Czech Republic, May 31 to June 2, 2009, Zdeněk Bittnar, Peter J. M. Bartos, J. Němecěk, V. Šmilauer, and J. Zeman, Eds., Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pages 425 to 434.
I suggested you the attached report related to the State-of-the-Art on the Use of Limestone in Cements at Levels of up to 15%
you can find some informations in my studies cited below:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273321911_Characterization_of_heat-treated_self-compacting_concrete_containing_mineral_admixtures_at_early_age_and_in_the_long_term?ev=prf_pub
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267152418_Acceleration_of_the_Hardening_of_Concrete_Made_with_Mineral_Admixtures_by_Using_a_Heat_Treatment_Process?ev=prf_pub
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275462233_Some_properties_of_fine_concrete_elaborated_with_desert_dune_sand_and_calcareous_fillers?ev=prf_pub
Article Characterization of heat-treated self-compacting concrete co...
Article Acceleration of the Hardening of Concrete Made with Mineral ...
Conference Paper Some properties of fine concrete elaborated with desert dune...
I hope the attached paper should be useful for you.
regards
luigi coppola
Article L. Coppola, P. Zaffaroni, A. Carcagnì, “Influence of Calcare...
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