I assume that financially healthy companies may spend more on innovation activity. For the moment I use the measures of profitability (e.g. margins), liquidity (e.g. current ratio), and leverage. Could you suggest others?
An obvious one is spending on R&D, I would think given that those you identify do not explicitly point to this sort of spending. It may well be that it may come under another heading.
A profitable bank may not be spending on innovation, except perhaps in marketing, and IT. But IT may be off-the-shelf... so financially health is no indicator of interest in innovation.
I guess I should have specified in the question few more details about my research. I have a bunch of very different economic and organisational variables, which theoretically relate to company’s innovation activity. Now I try to complete the model by adding several financial variables. Therefore, I look for few financial indicators, which may have an impact on company’s innovation activities. Of course, among others I did include R&D spending. Is there anything else that comes to your mind?
I recomend the following articles writen by Minsky. He analyses the schumpeterean creative destructuve phenomena from the perpspective of finances
Best regards
Gabriel
Minsky, H. (1986): Stabilizing an Unstable Economy. New Haven: Yale University Press.
‒‒‒‒‒‒‒‒ (1990): “Schumpeter: Finance and Evolution”. In Heertje, A.; Perlman, M. (eds.): Evolving Technology and Market Structure — Studies in Schumpeterian Economics. Ann Arbor: Michigan University Press.
The most widely used variable is R&D investments. You can also use Altman's Z-score, which represents the riskiness (probability of default) of firms, see Murro, P., 2013. THE DETERMINANTS OF INNOVATION: WHAT IS THE ROLE OF RISK? , 81(3), 293-323.
In addition, investments in acquisition of knowledge about TQM programs, see Demirbag, M., Tatoglu, E., Tekinkus, M. and Zaim, S. (2006) ΄An analysis of the relationship between TQM implementation and organizational performance, evidence from Turkish SMEs΄, Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 17(6), 829-847.
My own research shows that financial assistance from the government is crucial to improve innovative capacity of firms in developing countries, especially those within the SME category. This financial assistance typically includes funding/grants and tax exemptions.
However, an alternative viewpoint argues that excessive government assistance (protectionism) will backfire and result in lower international competitiveness.
Based on the above, you can perhaps consider government financial assistance as another factor in your study, either as an independent or a moderating variable (depending on the context of your study).