I'm not sure about gadolinite, but euxenite occurs in a carbonatite in British Columbia. There is a recent article in Ore Geology Reviews (2015, v.64, p,642) that describes this occurrence.
both minerals are prevalently encountered in various types of pegmatites. Euxinite may also form outside this host lithology in alkaline magmatic rocks and carbonatites. A close relationship exists between gadolinite and Sc which was for the first time recovered from this host mineral. A lot of work on this mineral, in parts closely related to Sc minerals has been performed in Scandinavia, where pegmatitic rocks are the predominant host rock lithologies. Thereby an answer can be given as to the primary source of Sc which is prevalently found in the gadolinite s.s.s. Moreover, coupled substitution may be assumed for the Ti- and Nb-bearing minerals according to the exchange: Sc3+ + (Ti,Sn)4+ ⇔ (Fe,Mn)2+ + (Nb,Ta)5+. Elevated Sc contents were also reported from niobian rutile of the McGuire granitic pegmatite, Colorado-USA. The exsolution products in the Ti-rich host are controlled by the(Fe + Mn + Sc)/ (Nb + Ta + W) ratios. Columbite in the Eptevann pegmatite (Norway)exsolved from a Fe3+ dominant niobian rutile and contain as much as 12.50 wt.%Sc2O3. Sc is dispersed in common rock-forming minerals, i.e. clinopyroxene, amphibole and ilmenite, where it mainly substitutes for Fe and Al due to similarities in ionic radii. Locally, Nb-Ta and Ti oxides from granite-related Sn-W deposits may carry significant concentrations of Sc. Kempe and Wolf (2006) reported up to 0.88% Sc in wolframite, 1% in cassiterite and zircon, and 0.39% in scheelite from Sn-W deposits. The most common Sc minerals are (Sc,Y)2Si2O7 (thortveitite), Be3(Sc,Al)2Si6O18 (bazzite), Ca(Sc,Fe)Si3O8(OH) (cascandite), (Na,Ca,Fe)(Sc,Mg,Fe)Si2O6 (jervisite), Ca2(Fe,Mn)ScSi5O14(OH) (scandiobabingtonite), and Ca2ScSn(Si2O7)(Si2O6OH) (kristiansenite), and three phosphates: ScPO4. H2O (kolbeckite) ScPO4 (pretulite), and CaMgSc(PO4)2(OH). 4 H2O (juonniite).
In addition to the detailed answer of Prof. Dill, baddeleyite may also contains Sc and may form the primary source for secondary accumulations. See also the attached file.