Please elaborate about your research, we have done a pilot trial in resource less settings.

Dear Usman,

We are trying into develop an appropriate and sustainable intervention strategy for reducing the malnourishment among children from poor resource setting.

we have also done the same in rural area of Peshawar Pakistan, and in order to reduce malnourished children rate it is needed to go with the bio fortification of foods which is socially acceptable for the community we go for the wheat, i don't know about India but wheat bio fortification gives us very good results for the whole family and children aged 5-10 years.

if any question please ask.

There is so much to say...

An exhaustive pannel of effective dietary interventions were published in the 2013 Lancet Nutrition Series.It suggests the current total of deaths in children younger than 5 years can be reduced by 15% if populations can access ten evidence-based nutrition interventions at 90% coverage. Additionally, access to and uptake of iodised salt can alleviate iodine deficiency and improve health outcomes. Accelerated gains are possible and about a fifth of the existing burden of stunting can be averted using these approaches, if access is improved in this way.

Bhutta ZA, Das JK, Rizvi A, Gaffey MF, Walker N, Horton S, Webb P, Lartey A, Black RE, Group TL, Maternal and Child Nutrition Study Group. Evidence-based interventions for improvement of maternal and child nutrition: what can be done and at what cost?. The lancet. 2013 Aug 9;382(9890):452-77.

The four common micronutrient deficiencies include those of iron, iodine, vitamin A, and zinc. All these conditions are responsible directly or indirectly for more than 50% of all under-5 deaths globally. According to more recent estimates, IUGR, stunting and severe wasting are responsible for one third of under-5 mortality. About 12% of deaths among under-5 children are attributed to the deficiency of the four common micronutrients.

Ahmed T, Hossain M, Sanin KI. Global burden of maternal and child undernutrition and micronutrient deficiencies. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism. 2012;61(Suppl. 1):8-17.

Recently, Odle and colleagues suggested that temperature control, widely used in animals to avoid heat stress, could be benficial ; and dietary microaddition of phytase to block phytic acid (antinutrient) is  being investigated

Odle J, Jacobi SK, Boyd RD, et al. The potential impact of animal science  research on global maternal and child nutrition and health: a landscape review.  Adv Nutr 2017; 8:362–81

Dear Abdul AZEEZ Ep, its a great question; Reducing malnutrition! According to USAID strategic mannual for reducing malnutrition, they recommended four strategies: These are; (1) Provision of equitable and high quality nutrition service; (2) Strengthning once country capacity and commitment to nutrition; (3) Melti-sectoral collaboration to improve nutritional outcome; (4) Promote global nutrition leadership.

Source: https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1867/USAID_Nutrition_Strategy_5-09_508.pdf 

Lancet series is great.

You can also search for 'systematic review' papers at 'Cochrane Reviews' for a list of effective intervention in developing countries. Do not restrict your search in health-related area. There are some innovative papers from developmental economists that address malnutrition (e.g Esther Duflo, MIT).

However, there are several challenges that you need to include as you formulate your research question and design a study. 

The definition of malnutrition has evolved since early 1990s.

It includes calorie-based undernutrition, micronutrient deficiencies, and over-nutrition. Countries that are undergoing economic and nutritional transition may face with the double burden of malnutrition, mainly a combination of micronutrient deficiency and overnutrition. Hence, it is not recommended to focus only on one-dimension of malnutrition when you design a study, but to implement multi-faceted approaches. The Sustainable Development Goals addresses this goal clearly. 

Having said this, an intervention of addressing one malnutrition at a time may result an improvement in health, but only for a short amount of time. From the public health perspective, it is recommended to take multifaceted approach which may create a change in behavior and resources that can be sustained for periods of time. Eventually, a policy needs to be modified; for this, cost-effectiveness is also an important area that you need to take into the consideration. 

Abdul, this is actually not an easy question to answer because it depends on the context. It is important to first know what the key determinants of malnutrition in the context you are dealing with are and then consider options depending on that. It is also important to keep in mind that an intervention that has worked well in one setting may not have the same impact in another setting because there may be contextual issues at play that makes this situation different. You first need to understand your context to adapt  existing interventions that others have already suggested in previous answers.

have a look at our model

Potentials_Experiences_and_Outcomes_of_a_Comprehensive_Community_Based_Programme_to_Address_Malnutrition_in_Tribal_India

you will find the paper and other documents on my researchgate site.

We did the national big scale survey in 6,255 schoolchildren aged 6-14 years in 17 provinces out of 72 provinces and Bangkok funded by UNICEF in 1994.  Among 40 schools, the highest prevalence of both iron deficiency anemia (IDA)and hookworm infestation was in the south. Our team started by using I, E & C (Information, Education & Communication). There were 4 schools in that sub-district.  Daily dose for 1 month, twice weekly, weekly iron (ferrous sulphate) tablet supplementation and daily iron-rich food in school lunch program were conducted in 4 schools for 3 months after the team informed and educated (I,E)all the teachers in each school. At the same time, the health workers in 13 Health Promoting Hospitals (HPH)  in that district were trained on IDA and hookworm laboratory by the staff from the Department of Health.

It was revealed that serum ferritin (SF) and hemoglobin (Hb) among the children were incresed with no statistical significant difference among 4 schools. Then weekly dose of iron and iron - rich food lunch was performed for the next 3 months. The result showed the statistical significan different of SF and Hb according to high supervision was need for weekly iron supplementation recommendation from other studies.

During the interventions, the biomarkers of the students were informed to the principles for evidence-based and observation among the 4 schools.

Moreover, a tape-record program for television broadcasting was performed. The interviews of the school principles schoolchildren's parents were revealed without manuscript.  The priciple said that the Arithmatic examination marks of the children was noticable higher while the parent told that his son was seldom catching cold compared to the quite often in the past.

The results from the study was reported to the members of the Sub-district Administrative Council (SAC) during the AIC (Appreciation, Influence and Control) workshop with the Chief Medical Doctor acting as the moderator. Consequently, budget for iron supplementation among schoolchildren was endorsed in the SAC plan and extend to other groups (women of reproductive age, elderly, preschollers) until now.

As the positive result of the program, a two-day workshop, 1st day of the 1st week, workshop among 13 SACs 13 HPHs ,and 47 schools was organized. Lesson learned form the program was revealed by the 4 school principles, members of SAC and health workers from the sub-district. AIC process was introduced by the chief medical doctor who organized the first AIC wotkshop at the beginning.  The teams of the 13 SACs 13 HPHs ,and 47 schools had to use AIC process to establish their strategic plan and present in the 2nd day of the 2nd week workshop. So the workshop participants had a week time for their own strategic plan on IDA control and prevention.

In conclusion, the IDA control and prevention was sustained for 20 years, organized by the local people and extended from schoolchildren to women of reproductive age, elderly and preschoolers.

I have my research, Double Burden:  Obesity among Iron Deficiency Anemic Nursing Student, published in SSRN.com

Dear Abdul,

Some of High Impact Nutrition Interventions addressing malnutrition for the U5 years and in low resource setting include exclusive breastfeeding,timely complimentary feeding, vitamin A and Zinc supplementation, Food fortification,Hygiene (handwashing practice) and deworming.From a Public Health perspective -a multi-faceted approach would deem to have a greater impact.

Dear Abdul,

You can probably read through this document regarding IFAD's food security and nutrition intervention in resource poor settings.

https://www.ifad.org/documents/10180/a8959e1f-90d8-40fb-8651-f282a54ff6c0

Thank you.

Estimado Abdul,

Concuerdo con Lydiah, básicamente debemos abordar los siguientes componentes:

1. Lactancia materna exclusiva

2. Alimentación complementaria a partir de los 6 meses

3. Prácticas adecuadas de alimentación e higiene.

4. Supplementación con MMN

5. Desparasitación

6.  Además, podrías trabajar la alimentación responsiva (estrategia de OMS) en los talleres de nutrición para fortalecer los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de las cuidadoras.

Saludos!

You can check these publications

https://www.unscn.org/web/archives_resources/files/Policy_paper_No_19.pdf

http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/Pnadp104.pdf

http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNAAS039.pdf

Article Nutritional interventions for adolescents using information ...

These links may help you

http://www.nnc.gov.ph/regional-offices/national-capital-region/1709-reducing-malnutrition-through-a-mix-of-effective-and-innovative-nutrition-interventions

http://www.wvi.org/nutrition/project-models/cmam

http://www.who.int/elena/intervention/en/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5051354/

https://www.unicef.org/gambia/Improving_Child_Nutrition_-_the_achievable_imperative_for_global_progress.pdf

https://nutritionj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1475-2891-13-56

In Thailand, u

In Thailand, weekly iron has been supplemented among underfive, schoolchildren and women of reproductive age also daily dose supplemented for pregnant women under the Universal Health Care Coverage Program as a measure of prevention iron deficiency and anemia. Iodized salt,80 recommended as universal iodized salt has been consumed among Thais and Vitamin A has been fortified in sweet condensed milk.

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